Axioms for the Boltzmann Distribution

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution for He Ions

Statistical mechanics deals with systems having a large number of particles. In statistical mechanics, large scale properties (such as temperature, pressure etc) are studied by applying probability theory to a large number of small particles. Hence this is a probabilistic theory and the behaviour of all of the system is studied using the average individual behaviour of particles. With small num...

Helioseismology can test the Maxwell - Boltzmann distribution

Nuclear reactions in stars occur between nuclei in the high-energy tail of the energy distribution and are sensitive to possible deviations from the standard equilibrium thermal-energy distribution. We are able to derive strong constraints on such deviations by using the detailed helioseismic information of the solar structure. If a small deviation is parameterized with a factor exp{−δ(E/kT) 2 ...

Evolutionary Algorithms and the Boltzmann Distribution

Thermophoretic depletion follows Boltzmann distribution.

Thermophoresis, also termed thermal diffusion or the Soret effect, moves particles along temperature gradients. For particles in liquids, the effect lacks a theoretical explanation. We present experimental results at moderate thermal gradients: (i) Thermophoretic depletion of 200 nm polystyrene spheres in water follows an exponential distribution over 2 orders of magnitude in concentration; (ii...

Moments of the Boltzmann distribution for RNA secondary structures.

We here present a dynamic programming algorithm which is capable of calculating arbitrary moments of the Boltzmann distribution for RNA secondary structures. We have implemented the algorithm in a program called RNA-variance and investigate the difference between the Boltzmann distribution of biological and random RNA sequences. We find that the minimum free energy structure of biological seque...